The number of fraudsters has increased with the development of technology. Maintaining security protocols is a key task in order to ensure transactions are secure. Blockchain is a promising innovation, but we still need to maintain security in transactions. Zero Knowledge Proof, or ZKP, is a good choice in such situations. Since its inception, cryptography has been closely associated with blockchain. The combination of cryptography and blockchain has been a popular choice since ZKP was launched. To fully secure a transaction on a blockchain platform, cryptographic techniques are used. The combination of cryptography and blockchain has created a secure mode for financial transactions.
What is Zero-Knowledge Proof and what are its implications?
Zero-Knowledge Proof (or Zero-Knowledge Proof) is a cryptographic technique that does not reveal any information during transactions, except the exchange of some value to the prover and the verifiers (the other ends of the transaction). Zero-knowledge proof allows users to prove that they have an absolute value, without having to reveal any additional information.
These are the three intrinsic properties of ZKPs:
Completeness
The transaction’s completeness property indicates that the transaction has been verified and that the prover can proceed with the transaction. If the transaction statement is true, then the verifier can authorize the prover to provide the input he requested earlier.
Soundness
The soundness property indicates that the transaction is true and not part of any fraudulent case. This means that the verifier can’t be convinced if the transaction is different and the statement is incorrect. In such a situation, the verifier can’t certify or allow the prover to request the inputs.
Zero-knowledge
The verifier can only have the current statement and whether or not the authenticity of the statement is true or false. All other information or private data from different parties will be kept secret.
What are the two basic types of Zero-Knowledge Proof proof?
These are the two basic types of ZKPs:
Interactive ZKP
These actions deal with mathematical probability. Interactive ZKP requires that a prover convinces a particular verifier, and then repeat the process for every verifier. Interactive ZKPs require that the prover completes a series actions in order to convince the verifier of a particular fact.
Non-interactive ZKP
Non-interactive ZKPs have no voluntary interaction between the prover and verifier. Non-interactive ZKPs have a prover who creates proof that anyone can verify. The verification process can also move to a later stage. They need specific software to make non-interactive ZKPs more efficient.
Let’s now look at the ZKP concept and how it is used with technology. Zcash is a prominent Zero-Knowledge proof. Zcash is both the first application of zk-SNARKs, and the fundamental form Zero-Knowledge cryptography.
We now need to know what zk-SNARKs is. Zk-SNARKs stands for Zero-Knowledge Success Non-Interactive Argument Of Knowledge. zk-SNARKs refers to a technology that does not use interactive ZKP.
zk-SNARKs is able to work with the following algorithms.
Key Generator
A key generator creates a parameter that will generate a key pair. After generating a public or private key pair, trusted sources can remove the private information. The public information is used to generate another key pair. One pair would be used to prove and one for verification.
Prover
The prover receives the proving key and must prove his knowledge. The prover will verify and receive the private key, then he shall forward the statement.
Verifier
The prover will provide the input to the verifier, who will verify the authenticity of the statement.
Zk-SNARKS must also maintain the following properties.
- The statement will be the only thing that the verifier can learn. A challenge that is short and concise should only take a few seconds to execute.
- Non-interactive: The process should not be interactive.
- The proof must be consistent with the principle of soundness and have zero-knowledge encryption.
- Without a trusted witness, the verification and verification process cannot continue.
Read More : https://www.leewayhertz.com/zero-knowledge-proof-and-blockchain/
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